Understanding Fabric Printing And Finishing Process

Fabric printing and finishing is a very important process. After a while, our textile post-processing is very backward. Now we should say that there has been a major breakthrough.

This is mainly about dyeing, printing and finishing of textiles.

I put the yarn dyed fabric in the fabric category, and I will not introduce it here.

Textiles

In the chemical dye solution, the other method is to use paints to make tiny insoluble colored particles on the coating to adhere to the fabric (the raw material dyeing of fibrous raw materials is not listed here).

Dye is a relatively complex organic substance, it has many kinds.

1, acid dyes, more suitable for protein fiber and nylon fiber and real silk.

Its color is bright, but its washing fastness is poor. Its dry cleaning fastness is excellent. It is widely used in natural Dead dyeing.

2, cationic dyes (alkaline fuel), suitable for acrylic, polyester, nylon and cellulose and protein fiber.

Its color is bright, and is very suitable for man-made fibers, but it is very poor in washing and light fastness for natural cellulose and protein fabrics.

3, direct dyes, suitable for cellulose fiber fabrics, water washing fastness is poor, light fastness is different, but the modified direct dyes wash water color fastness will be very good improvement.

4, disperse dyes, suitable for viscose, acrylic, nylon, polyester and so on, washing fastness is different, polyester is better, viscose is poor.

5, azo fuel (NTO dye), suitable for cellulose fabrics, bright colors, more suitable for gorgeous color.

6. Reactive dyes are mostly used in cellulosic fabrics, and are seldom used in proteins.

It is characterized by bright color, light resistance, good washing and rubbing fastness.

7, sulphur dyes, suitable for cellulose fiber fabrics, dark color, mainly Tibetan, black and brown, light resistance, water fastness, excellent resistance to chlorine bleaching fastness, long-term storage of fabrics will damage the fiber.

8, vat dyes, suitable for cellulose fiber fabrics, good fastness to light and water washing, and resistance to chlorine bleaching and other oxidation bleaching.

9, paint, suitable for all fibers, it is not a dye, but through the mechanical attachment of fiber, dark fabric will harden, but the color is very accurate, most of the light fastness, good washing fastness, especially medium and light color.

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Types of dyeing

Dyeing of textiles can be carried out at any stage and can be dyed at different stages such as fibers, yarns, fabrics and garments.

1. Loose fiber

Before spinning, dyeing the fibers or loose fibers into large dye vats and dyeing them at suitable temperatures.

Colored spun yarns are mostly dyed by bulk fiber (also with different dyes and single dyes). They are often used in woollen fabrics.

2. Wool dyeing is also a kind of fiber dyeing before yarn forming. It is the same as the purpose of bulk fiber dyeing, so as to obtain soft color mixing effect.

Wool dyeing is usually used for worsted yarns and woolen fabrics.

3, yarn dyed before weaving and dyeing, usually used for yarn dyed fabrics, sweaters, or direct use of yarn (sewing thread, etc.).

Yarn dyeing is the foundation of dyeing and weaving.

There are three ways to stain conventional yarns.

(1) dyeing of twisted yarns, which is immersed in a special dyed cylinder, is the most expensive dyeing method.

(2) cheese dyeing - the yarn dyed by cheese is wrapped on a perforated tube, and then many of the packages are put into the dyeing cylinder. The dye is circulated and fluffy and the softness is not as good as the yarn dyeing.

The warp shaft dyeing is a large scale roll dyeing. Before weaving, the warp shaft (Warp) is first made, and the yarn of the whole warp shaft is dyed.

Because it is a warp shaft, it is suitable for weaving dyeing.

However, with the emergence of the warp shaft, we can make the yarn on the warp shaft into the yarn, and the yarn will be more widely used. For example, most of the indigo blue dyeing methods can only be well solved by using the warp shaft dyeing. If there is no warp shaft, it will be difficult to achieve.

4, the method of dyeing the fabric by piece dyeing is piece dyeing. The usual methods are rope dyeing, jet dyeing, rolling dyeing, pad dyeing (not tie dyeing) and warp dyeing.

There is no introduction here.

5.

Put the garment into nylon bag, put a series of bags into the dye vat, and continue stirring in the dye vat (paddle dyeing machine).

Garment dyeing is more suitable for knitted socks, T-shirts and most other knitted garments, sweaters, trousers, shirts and some other simple garments.